A Cultural and Heritage Travel Guide on Tamil Nadu
Frequently Asked Questions by Travellers Visiting Tamil Nadu
We are glad that you are considering visiting Tamil Nadu. Tamil Nadu has a rich and diverse history that spans thousands of years. The Cheras, Cholas, Pandyas, and Pallavas known as the classical Kingdoms, are the prominent powers who ruled this Dravidian heartland from BCE 300 till 16 he century.
Who is a Dravidian?
People who speak one of the Dravidian languages, like Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, or Malayalam, are called Dravidians. Most Dravidians live in South India and parts of Sri Lanka. Proto-Dravidian, the language used in the Indus Valley civilization around 3000 BCE, is thought to have been the language that gave rise to ancient Tamil.
What is the Dravidian heritage of Tamil Nadu?
The Dravidian heritage of Tamil Nadu can be traced back to the Indus Valley Civilization, which began migrating to South India around 2500 BCE. Linguistic experts have confirmed the connection between Tamil and the proto-Dravidian language used in the Indus Valley.
Tamil culture has since evolved through a rich and diverse history that includes Sangam literature, the rules of prominent dynasties such as the Cheras, Cholas, Pandyas, and Pallavas and influences from the Aryans who followed the first migration.
What is the colonial heritage of Tamil Nadu?
It is worth noting that the Portuguese were the first outsiders to come to the region in the 16th century, intending to trade and subjugate. Tamil Kingdoms had cordial trade relations with Roamans, Chinese etc. but never tried to capture power here.
Though the Portuguese set up a trade centre first, the French East India Company successfully established a network in Pondicherry and neighbouring areas. It is not widely known that the Danish East India Company also had a fort in Tamil Nadu.
Later, the British East India Company, which also came for trade, learned how to convert trading posts into colonies and excelled in Tamil Nadu. They made Chennai the capital of administration and the citadel of power in South India, a position it held until India’s independence.
What are the top fifteen historical and heritage places every traveller must see in Tamil Nadu?
We have compiled a list of the top fifteen historical places in Tamil Nadu that we recommend adding to your itinerary. Before selecting each site, we considered its historical and cultural significance and ease of accessibility.
1. Mahabalipuram is a UNESCO World Heritage site known for its ancient rock-cut temples and monuments. It is a must-visit for anyone with even a remote interest in history or architecture.
2. The Brihadeeswarar Temple in Thanjavur is an 11th-century Shiva temple and one of the country’s largest and most beautiful temples.
3. The Meenakshi Amman Temple in Madurai is a temple complex dedicated to Goddess Meenakshi, known for its stunning architecture and intricate carvings. It’s still a mystery how they managed to roll the enormous rock statue on top of the structure when hydraulic systems were yet to be invented.
4. The Srirangam Temple in Trichy is one of the world’s most prominent functioning Hindu temples on an island.
5. The Ramanathaswamy Temple in Rameshwaram is famous for its elaborate corridors and is considered one of India’s holiest sites.
6. The Tanjore Palace and Art Gallery in Thanjavur is renowned for its formidable architecture and impressive collection of art and artefacts.
7. The Thirumalai Nayak Palace in Madurai, built in the 17th century, is a fine example of Indo-Saracenic architecture.
8. The Vivekananda Rock Memorial in Kanyakumari is on a small island dedicated to Swami Vivekananda, a revered Indian philosopher and monk.
9. Gangaikonda Cholapuram in Ariyalur is an 11th-century temple complex known for its sculptures.
10. The Chidambaram Nataraja Temple in Chidambaram is dedicated to Lord Shiva and is famous for its Chola architecture and gold-plated roof.
11. The Vellore Fort in Vellore is a 16th-century fort known for its impressive ramparts and moats and houses a museum.
12. The Marundeeswarar Temple in Chennai is a Lord Shiva temple known for its intricate carvings and architecture.
13. Kanchipuram is known as the “City of Thousand Temples” and is a must-visit for those interested in ancient Indian architecture and culture.
14. The Mahamaham Tank in Kumbakonam is believed to be where Lord Shiva performed his cosmic dance and is a popular pilgrimage site.
15. The Pamban Bridge in Rameshwaram is an iconic bridge that connects Rameshwaram to the mainland and offers stunning sea views.
When is the best time to visit Tamil Nadu?
The summer months in Tamil Nadu can be unbearable. It’s best to visit during the winter, from November to February, when the weather is pleasant. Check for festival dates like Pongal, Navaratri, and Diwali, which can be crowded at temples and tourist places.
What are some art forms to experience in Tamil Nadu?
Bharatanatyam is a traditional dance form native to Tamil Nadu and is a must-see performance. Let’s consider watching Koothu, Kattaikkuttu, and Karakattam.
What are the best souvenirs to buy from Tamil Nadu?
Tamil Nadu is known for its unique and traditional handicrafts. The best souvenirs include Tanjore paintings, silk sarees, stone carvings, brass lamps, bronze sculptures, and wood carvings.
You can also buy traditional jewellery like Temple Jewelry and Kolhapuri jewellery. But, if you want something more local, try the famous filter coffee, spices, and traditional snacks like murukku and thengai burfi (coconut burfi).
What traditional food and drinks must you try while in Tamil Nadu?
Tamil Nadu has many unique vegetarian and non-vegetarian dishes. Dosas and Idlis are commonly consumed and popular. Seafood lovers should try the famous Chettinad cuisine, which is spicy and flavorful. The filter coffee, Tamil Nadu’s signature drink, is a must-try when visiting the state.
Is visiting Tamil Nadu worth it?
Absolutely! Tamil Nadu offers a unique travel experience with its rich history and cultural heritage. From ancient temples to pristine beaches, there is something for every traveller.
In addition, the state’s warm hospitality will leave a lasting impression on you.