A Cultural and Heritage Travel Guide on Kochi
Frequently Asked Questions by Travellers Visiting Cochin
Cochin and its surrounding areas are a must-visit destination if you are a traveller interested in history, culture and heritage. The history of Cochin is entwined with the history of medieval Europe, amassing wealth by plundering colonies like Cochin and the advent of the modern world order. Cochin has seen many cultures come and go, leaving behind a wealth of heritage and historical sites worth exploring.
Let’s dive into the history of Cochin and the surrounding areas and discover the top historical and cultural sites you must see. We suggest you read ” A short history of Fort Cochin for Travellers“ for more facts.
What is the difference between Kochi, Cochin, Fort Cochin, and Ernakulam?
Kochi, Cochin, Fort Cochin, and Ernakulam are all different names for the same region. Kochi is the modern name for the region, while Cochin is the historical name. Fort Cochin is a specific area within Cochin that is known for its rich colonial heritage, while Ernakulam is a modern, commercial area within Kochi.
What is the ancient history of Cochin?
Cochin’s rich and ancient history dates back to the 6th century BCE. Premodinalty Cheras, one of the classic Tamil kingdoms, controlled most of present-day Kerala until the decline in the 12th century. Kerala, especially its world-renowned port of that time, Muzirus, had trade links with the Greeks, the Romans, the Jews and the Arabs. The spice trade played a significant role in the growth and prosperity of the area.
What is the Chera influence in Cochin?
The Chera dynasty ruled over Cochin areas from the 3rd century BCE to the 12th century CE. They were known for patronising the arts, literature, and trade. The Cheras also played a significant role in developing the port city of Muziris, an essential hub for trade with the Roman Empire.
When did the Jews come to Cochin, and what was their contribution?
The Jewish community has a long and rich history in Cochin. They arrived in the region in the 1st century CE and were welcomed by the local rulers. Some historians believe that The Jews played a significant role in the development of Cochin’s spice trade, and their influence can still be seen in the region’s architecture, cuisine, and culture.
How come Kerala had a Christian community even before Christianity reached Europe?
There needs to be more academic clarity on this topic. It is a well-understood fact that Kerala had a thriving Christian community when the Portuguese arrived here in 1498. Kerala’s robust Christian community only connected with Rome after the Portuguese arrived. Many believe that the oldest Kerala’s Christian sect, the Saint Thomas Christians, originated from the arrival of the Apostle Thomas in Kerala in 52 AD. He established several Christian communities in the region. The Kerala Christians developed traditions and practices that blended Indian and Christian customs and practices. They had some ties with the Church of the East in Persia and Mesopotamia and were in contact with the Middle East.
When was the Cochin port formed?
The Cochin port was initially formed by a natural disaster annihilating the renowned Muziris seaport in the 13th century. Some old Chinese records show that Chinese traders made it very popular in its early days since they enjoyed a good relationship with Cochin’s rulers. Eventually, the port played a significant role in the spice trade and attracted merchants worldwide. The Portuguese made their first fort in India, Fort Emmanuel, in Cochin in 1506. The fort was next to the port and a portion of Port Cochin became Fort Cochin.
What are the connections between Cochin and Chinese dynasties in the 13th/14th centuries?
The 13th and 14th centuries were a time of great exploration and trade, and Cochin played a significant role in both. Chinese explorer and admiral Zheng He visited Cochin several times during this period and enhanced diplomatic and trade relations with the local rulers. The Chinese rules had played a significant role in making Cochin Port a central international trading hub before the arrival of Europeans. You can still see the presence of Chinese fishing Nets as a living example of Chinese influence in this region.
Was the Kingdom of Cochin under the protection of the Chinese Emperor? There is no clear proof among Indian historians, but some Ming dynasty documents reveal that the Emperor dispatched ships under the command of Ma Huan to Cochin to settle a dispute between the King of Cochin and the Zamorins of Calicut. After the collapse of Muziris, Cochin and Calicut were vying for maximum international trade from their own ports (Cochin and Kozhikode), leading to possible conflicts between the two neighbours. The Ming Emperor, who had a good relationship with the Zamurins of Calicut and the King of Cochin, might have tried to douse the quarrelling of these local kings. However, it remains a historical possibility or controversy.
What is the colonial heritage of Portugal with Cochin?
The Portuguese arrived in Cochin in 1503 and established a regional settlement in ‘Fort Emmanuel”. They were attracted by the region’s spice trade and wanted to have a monopoly over it. The Portuguese controlled Cochin till they surrendered it to the Dutch in 1663 CE. The Portuguese also left behind a rich legacy of architecture, including the famous Mattancherry Palace and the St. Francis Church.
What is the colonial heritage of the Dutch with Cochin?
The Dutch took control of Cochin in 1663 after defeating the Portuguese in a battle. They ruled over Fort Cochin until 1795, a period of 112 years. The Dutch dominance was relatively peaceful, and trade thrived during this time. They also left behind a rich legacy of architecture, including the famous Dutch Palace (They only modified it. The palace was constructed by the Portuguese more than 100 years prior to the arrival of the Dutch) and the Bolgatty Palace (Now a Hotel). After the Dutch, the British took control of Cochin.
What is the colonial heritage of the English with Cochin?
The English took over Cochin in 1795 as a part of the Anglo-Dutch treaty and kept it under their control until India’s independence. They played a significant role in developing the modern Cochin port, constructing many bridges and plantations in the highlands of Kerala, and propagating English education in Cochin and Kerala. Although they did it for their own benefit, it helped Cochin and Kerala’s social and economic development to a certain extend.
Was Cochin ever under the rule of Tipu Sultan?
Yes, Cochin was briefly under the dominance of Tipu Sultan in the late 18th century. Tipu Sultan, the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore, captured Cochin in 1789 but was forced to retreat soon after due to the intervention of the British.
What are the five most important historical and cultural sites for every traveller in Cochin?
There are several historical and cultural sites to see in Cochin, but here are the top 5 that you should not miss:
- Fort Kochi: This area is known for its rich colonial heritage and is home to several historical sites, including the famous Chinese Fishing Nets and the St. Francis Church.
- Mattancherry Palace: Also known as the Dutch Palace (constructed by the Portuguese), this palace is known for its stunning murals and traditional Keralan architecture.
- Jewish Synagogue: This synagogue is one of the oldest in India and is known for its stunning architecture and collection of rare antiques.
- Hill Palace Museum: This museum is located just outside Cochin and is known for its stunning collection of artefacts and exhibits related to the region’s history.
- Paradesi Synagogue: This is located in the heart of the Jew Town area and is known for its stunning architecture and unique history.
How to reach Cochin?
Cochin is well-connected to the rest of India and the world by air, road, and rail. The Cochin International Airport has located about 30 km from the city centre and is well-connected to major cities in India and the world.
Which is the best time to visit Cochin?
The best time to visit Cochin is between October and February when the weather is pleasant and relaxed. Unfortunately, this is also the peak tourist season, so book your accommodations and tours in advance.
Is it worth visiting Cochin?
Absolutely! Cochin is a treasure trove of history, culture, and architecture that should be noticed. The region’s rich and ancient history has left behind many historical and cultural sites worth exploring.
How many days do you need to cover important cultural and historical destinations in Cochin?
To explore the important cultural and historical destinations in Cochin, you should plan to spend at least 3-4 days in the region. This will give you enough time to explore the major historical sites and soak in the local culture.
What are the souvenirs I should buy from Cochin?
Cochin is known for its rich handicrafts and unique souvenirs. Some of the best souvenirs from Cochin include traditional Kerala spices, handwoven textiles, local artwork, and antiques from the Jewish and Dutch settlements. Remember to bargain while shopping in the local markets!
Which are the Heritage and Historical Hotels In Kochi you must consider staying in?
Cochin is home to some of Kerala’s best luxury heritage hotels, including two palaces and Vasco De Gama’s residence. Please visit the hotels listed below by clicking on the photo for their relevance, reviews and rates.